Urinalysis forensics version

Simulated urine is used in this activity.

Medical urinalysis

A typical medical urinalysis usually includes: Click each of the hot links below for details. 

All of the following informational links are courtesy of http://en.wikipedia.org

• a description of color and appearance
• specific gravity
• pH
• glucose
• ketone bodies
• protein
• RBC number
• WBC number

 Microscopic examination

The numbers and types of cells and/or debris present can yield a great detail of information and may suggest a specific diagnosis.

• eosinophiluria - associated with allergic interstitial nephritis, atheroembolic disease
• RBC casts - associated with glomerulonephritis, vasculitis, malignant hypertension
• WBC casts - associated with acute interstitial nephritis, exudative glomerulonephritis, severe pyelonephritis
• (heme) granular casts - associated with acute tubular necrosis
• crystalluria -- associated with acute urate nephropathy (or "Acute uric acid nephropathy", AUAN)
• calcium oxalate - associated with ethylene glycol toxicity